Electrical type-writer



4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Patented Aug. 21, 1888.

(No Model.)

J. F. MOLAUGHLIN.

ELECTRICAL TYPE WRITER. No. 388,142.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. F. MOLAUGHLIN.

ELECTRICAL TYPE WRITER. No. 388,142. Patented Aug. 21, 1888.

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4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

J. P. MQLAUGHLIN.

ELECTRICAL TYPE WRITER.

No. 38,142 Patented Aug. 21, 1888.

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N. PETERS, Prmmumogrzp c wanhivmm Dc (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

J. P. MOLAUGHLIN.

. ELECTRICAL TYPE WRITER.

No. 388,142. Patented Aug. 21, 1888.

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N. PETERS. Phoko-Ldhogfilpher. wmm xw. n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()EEICE.

JAMES F. MCLAUGHLIN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRICAL TYPE-WRITER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 388,142, dated August21, 1888.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES F. MoLAUeHLIN, a citizen ofthe United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inElectrical Type-\Vriters; and I do declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters and figures of reference marked thereon,which form a part ofthis specification.

My invention has reference to improvements in electrical type -writerswhich are adapted for use in connection with a suitable localtransmitter as recorders of ontgoi ng messages sent by said transmitterover a line to a distant station, and also as receivers for incomingmessages sent to the home station by a suitable transmitter located at adistant; station. In addition to this, my improved apparatus may be usedfor the same purposes as an ordinary mechanical type-writer; but itsoperation differs from the latter in that the printing is effectedelectrically.

The transmitter used in connection with my improved typewriter ispreferably of the character described in Letters Patent granted to meMay 17, 1887, and numbered 363,158; but other suitable transmittersoperating upon the same principle may be used without departing from myinvention.

In other pending applications filed by me I have shown and described thefundamental features thus briefly defined, and my present invention hasreference to improvements in the construction of the more essentialparts of the apparatus, whereby the functions of the same are performedwith greater ease and certainty.

In the accompanying drawings,which form a part of this specification, Ihave illustrated my invention with special regard to clcarness and haveomitted such parts as are not necessarily parts of my presentimprovements, but the co-operation of which with the latter will beeasily understood by those skilled in the art. Other parts of the wholeapparatus I typewriter connected with the local transmitter. improvedtype-wheel. section of the same. Fig. (5 is a perspective view of thetype-key support. Fig. 7 is a like view of the casting serving as asupport for the stop-levers and for the magnets actuating the same. Fig.8 is an elevation of the gearing connecting the synchronal motor-withthe transmitter and typewriter.

Upon the base-plate 1 of insulating material the various parts of theapparatus are assembled. They consist in the main of a keyboard, arotary type-wheel controlled thereby, a printing lever or mallet, typeand line spacing mechanism, and electro-magnets actuating the severalparts. The keyboard is arranged in two sections, 2 2, each of whichconsists of a casting, 8, with typelevers 4 4. pivoted therein. Eachtype-lever corresponds to a letter, numeral, or punctuation-mark used inwriting, and is provided with a button, 5, havingsuch letters, &c.,marked uponits face, as in ordinary mechanical type-writers. The twosections of the key-board are separated from each other by aspace thewidth of which is adapted to the construction of the other parts of theapparatus, which are hereinafter described.

At the outer ends of the castings 3 3 are standards 6 6, which form theframe of the apparatus and support the bearings 7 7 of the shafts 8 8 oftwo cylinders or drums, 9 9. Each cylinder extends from one of thestandards to about the inner end of its corresponding casting 3, and inthe space between the inner ends of these cylinders is located atype-wheel, 10, which may be of any ordinary or improved construction,but which is preferably con structed as hereinafter more fullydescribed.

As will be seen in Fig. 2, the type-wheel is mounted upon ashort shaft,11, which is in line with the main shafts of both cylinders,

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of my Fig. 5 is a transverse and is securedto the inner ends of the latter. Thus when the drums are rotated thetypewheel will rotate with the same.

The standards 6 are of such height as to support the cylinders asuitable distance above the base plate, as shown, and they are alsoprovided with V-shaped guide-bars 12 for supporting and guiding thecarriage 12 of the the type-writer by means of a grooved roller, asshown. The drums 9 9 are preferably made of metal, and they are providedwith a series of lugs, 13, arranged helically upon the surface of thedrums, and the position of each lug corresponds to the position of oneof the levers of the two sections of the key-board, and it alsocorresponds to one of the types upon the type-wheel.

The castings 3 have the general shape of an I-rail. They are constructedwith a base, 14, by which they are seen red to the base-plate 1, acentral stand, 15, two lateral branches, 16 16, and a central bearingbranch, 17. The central bearing branch is divided by slots 18 into anumber of lugs, and perforations 19, passing in a single line throughthe lugs, serve for the reception of a pivotal rod passing through allof them, and upon this red are pivotally hung the levers 4 4:, which arere ceived in the slots 18. 7 Each alternate key-lever is curved upwardlyfromits outer end. It then extends upon a straight linethrough andbeyond one of the slots in the casting 3, and is then again curvedupwardly and terminates in an upwardly-curved nose, 20, which engageswith a downwardly-curved nose, 21, formed at the end of a correspondingstop-lever, 22, pivoted'in a bracket, 23. Between these key-levers areothers, the front arms of which termintate with the straight portions ofsaid levers, to which the type-buttons are secured. Thus, while there isonly a single row of key-levers in each section of the keyboard,thereare two parallel rows of type-'buttons, as is clearly shown in thedrawings.

From the construction so far described it follows that if a key-lever isdepressed by hand one of the lateral branches 16 of casting 3 will formits front stop, and if the lever is rocked in the opposite direction theother lateral branch 16 of casting 3'will form its back stop. Each leveris normally held in contact with its back stop by a counterbalancingweight or swelling, 20, formed under the nose 20. Thus, if any one ofthe key-levers is first depressed in front and is then released, theoverbalancing-weight 20 will return suchlever automatically toits'normal position in contact with its back stop. While I find thisconstruction very convenient and preferable to others, it will be clearthat in place of the weight 20 a retractile spring might be used.

There are two castings, 23,each corresponding to one of the castings 3and parallel with the latter. Each casting 23 is fastened by screwspassing through a flange, 24. The slots 25 are equal in number andcorrespond to the stoplevers 22 and serve as a means for securingeleetro-magnets for actuating the stop-lever to casting 23. This slottedplate 25 is joined to flange 24 by a web, 23, and at the juncture of thetwo extends a rib, 26, parallel with flange 24 and projecting from themain body of the casting. The outer edge of this rib 26 resembles ingeneral outline the shape of an upwardly-curved hook,and is divided intolugs 27,which correspond each to one of the lugs on the central bearingbranch, 17,0f casting 3. These lugs, however, are joined at their upperedges by a web, 27, which is cast in one piece with the lugs, as isclearly shown in Fig. 7.

The stop-levers 22 are pivoted upon a rod passing through all the lugsof rib 26, and the parts are so proportioned that in its normal positionthe vertical arm of each lever 22 leans forward and is arrested by web27 When one of the key-levers is' depressed in front,its

nose 20, engaging nose 21 of its corresponding stop-lever, will tip thevertically-extending arm of lever 22 rearwardly until the same isarrested by contact with the surface of one of the cylinders 9, and ifthe key-lever is released, its nose 2O disengaging nose 21 of thestop-lever, the latter will be brought to its original position by theoverbalancing action of nose 21, which for this purpose is made heavierand thicker than the vertical arm of lever 22. The normal position oflever 22 (shown in solid lines inFig. 1) is insured by so distributingthe weight of said lever that its center of gravity is at all times tothe lefthand side of its fulcrum, (see Fig. 1,) and this may be effectedeither by making the nose 21 sufficiently heavy, as stated above, or inany other suitable manner.

Web 27 in each casting 23 constitutes the front stop for each lever 22mounted in that casting, and the surface of one of the cylinders 9 9constitutes the corresponding back stop; and it will now be seen thatwhen a keylever, 4 or 4., is upon its front stop the correspondingstop-lever will be upon its back stop, while when a key-lever is uponits back stop the corresponding stop-lever willbe upon its front stop.The latter is the normal position, and in this position the verticalarms of the stop-levers are all in one plane, which plane slightlyinclines from the vertical, and their upper ends are all in one straightline parallel to the axis of the cylinders. In addition to theoverbalancing-weight of nose 21, a

depressed the corresponding stop-lever will' intercept with its metallicportion one of these lugs and will stop the cylinders and the typewheelrotating with the same. There are, therefore, as many lugs upon eachcylinder as there are key-levers to the corresponding sec tion of thekey-board, and the numberof types upon the type-wheel is equal to thetotal number of key-levers. In addition to this, there is aspacing-lever,which occupies the space of a key-lcver. Thisspacing-lever is constructed exactly like a key-lever and has itscorresponding lever, 22", which corresponds to one of the stop-levers,made shorter than any of the latter, so that when the spacing-lever isdepressed lever 22 will not make contact with the cylinder, (being tooshort for that,) but will strike against the end ofa metallic pin,26,secured to but insulated from slotted plate 25 of casting 23, asisclearly shown in Figs. 1 and 3. There is,therefore,no lug 13 upon thecylinders 9 and no type upon the type-wheel corresponding to thespacing-key. The function of the latter and its cooperation with pin 26will be hereinafter more fully described. I

A printing lever or mallet, 100, with its striking-head 27", of softrubber or other elastic material, facing the edge of the type-wheel, ispivoted to the base of a frame, 29. One arm, 28, of this lever carriesan armature, 30, of an electro-magnet, 31, so that when the latter isenergized the armature will be attracted and the head of the mallet willstrike upon the rim of the type-wheel, and if a sheet of paper, 101, isinterposed between the type-wheel and the head of the printing-lever theletter, numeral, or other character formed upon that part of thetype-wheel which happens to face the printinglever will be printed uponsuch paper. The types upon the type-wheel are so spaced and are in suchsequence that ifa key or key-lever marked with a certain letter orcharacter is depressed and the rotating cylinders are stopped by theinterception of one of the lugs upon the cylinder by the stop-levercorresponding to the depressed key the same letter or character upon thetype-wheel will face the head of the printing-lever. This same letter orcharacter upon the type-wheel will therefore be printed upon the paperif the magnet 31 be energized at the proper time, and if a word orsentence be spelled out by the successive depression of the proper keysthis word or sentence will be printed upon the paper, as in ordinarymechanical type-writers.

The arm 100 of the printing-lever is curved, as shown, to bring itscenter of gravity to one side of the fulcrum 32, and an adjustablestopscrew, 33, in a standard, 31, limits the outward movement of theprinting lever and armature. it constitutes the back stop of theprintinglever. The carriage 12, which supports the paper, 101, isindicated in Fig. 1; but for the sake of clearness of illustration theletter and line spacing mechanism is not shown in the drawings.Electromagnets 35 and 36, however, which actuate the letter and linespacing mechanism, are shown by conventional signs in Fig. 3. It is notnecessary here to describe these magnets and their adjuncts any furtherthan to say that they are designed to move the carriage after eachimprint into a position for the paper to receive the next imprint and toshift the paper after the completion of a line in position to receiveanother line of writing.

To one end of the common shaft,8,of the cylinders 9 9 is securedabevel'gear, 38, meshing with another bevel-gear, 39, keyed to avertical shaft, 40, which is driven by a suitable motor (not shown) inunison with a similar shaft in an apparatus constructed substantiallylike the one here described, located at a distant station. Thesynchronal motor is not here shown; but it will be understood that I mayuse any ordinary or improved motor of that kind, although I prefer touse the synchronal motor patented to me August 16, 1887, and numbered368,411. Another beveled gear, 41, (see Fig. 8,) also meshes withbevel-gear 39 and drives the shaft 42, which in turn gives motion toshaft 43 of the transmitter 102, (see Fig.3,) constructed substantiallyin accordance with my Letters Patent No. 363,158, dated May 17, 1887.Upon reference to said Letters Patent it will be seen that the centralshaft, which corresponds to shaft 43 shown in this case, carries atrailing brush, which makes contact successively with a number ofcircularly-arranged contact-plates, and that a number of type-keysconstituting the keyboard are arranged above the contact plates and areadapted upon being depressed to stop the trailing brush in contact withthe correspond ing contact-plate and to establish electrical connectionswith a line proceeding from each key, or from springs connectedtherewith.

In the diagrammatic representation of the transmitter (shown in Fig. 3the lines 104) proceeding from the same are shown connected with thesprings 103, which are supposed to establish connection with segmentalcontact-plates located below the same if depressed by the operation of akey arranged above said spring. The trailing brush is indicated indotted lines at 105, and in addition thereto there is shown a brush,106, bearing upon the shaft 43 and connected with switcharm 107 by aconductor, 108. This switcharm is adapted to make contact with twobuttons, 109 and 110, which constitute the terminals of anelectromagnet, 111, and button 110 is also connected with the line goingto the distant station.

By reference to my said Letters Patent No. 363,158 it will also be seenthat to the central shaft of the transmitter is secured a disk of softiron, and that this disk,rotating with said central shaft, extendsbetween the two poles of an electro-magnet which corresponds to anelectro-magnct, 111, shown in this case, and this electro-magnet isenergized by the passage of a current through its coils, and one side ofthe magnetic disk is suddenly surrounded by a dense magnetic field whensaid magnet is energized, and its motion will be ordinarily retarded bythe resistance of said field, and if the eleetromagnet is powerfulenough the passage of the disk through the magnetic field of the samewill be arrested.

In pursuance of the objects of my invention clectro-magnet 111 is madestrong enough to arrest the motion of the iron disk through its field offorce whenever a suitable current is passed through the magnetizingcoils, and the construction herein described is specially adapted to aidthis operation.

ing to the lugs on cylinders 9 9 shown in this case and the momentum ofa disk of such size as is necessary to provide room for the lugs wouldcarry the same and the magnetic disk beyond the point where it isnecessary to stop the type-wheel and cylin ders,whieh move in unisonwith said magnetic disk, unless the brake-magnet (corresponding tomagnet 111 in this case) were very powerful and the energizing-currentvery strong.

, In the construction herein shown a cylinder or cylinders are employedin place of a disk, and this enables me to reduce the mass set in,motion by the shaft to which the magnetic disk is secured, and to bringthat mass closer to the mathematical axis of rotation. For both reasonsthe momentum is greatly reduced, and the electromagnet 111 may becomparatively weak and will promptly arrest the motion of the blow ofthe stop-lugs upon the same will pass through the fulcrnms of theselevers. The latter may therefore be made comparatively light withoutdanger of bending, whereas in the construction with a disk thestop-levers must be arranged to receive the blow of the lugs on theirsides, tending to bend these levers.

To plate 25 of casting 23 are secured a series of electro-magnets,44-one for each stop-lever 22and these stop levers, being made ofmagnetic material, constitute the armature of magnets 44, as shown. Eachmagnet is secured to plate 25, with its yoke, by screws passing throughthe slots 25, or otherwise, and one of the terminals of all of thesemagnets is united upon a rod, 46, passing through metallic standards 47,while the other terminals are connected with the local lines 104,connected with the springs 103 of thetransmitter.

The electrical connections of the apparatus are asfollows: A mainbattery is connected with one pole to ground, the other pole of which isconnected by a conductor, 48, to its standard 47. One pole of the localbattery 49 is connected by a wire, 50, with a casting, 23, and if anyone of the stop-levers intercepts its corresponding lug upon a cylinderthe circuit proceeds from casting 23 by stop-lever 22, to the cylindersby stop 13, by a collar,51,secured at one end of the common shaft of thecylinders, to a brush, 52, and by wire 53 to and through magnet 31, andby wire 54 to ascrew, 55. (See Fig. 1.) From this point thecircuitcontinues by Wire 56 to the spacing-magnets 35 and 36, and returns bywire 57 to the other pole of the local battery. In addition to this, pin26 is connected by a conductor, 58, with wire 56, which itjoins at thescrew 55,as shown, Fig. 1, or at some other point, 59,as shown in Fig.3. i Before describing the operation of this apparatus it will be wellto have a clear conception of the relation of the moving parts ot' thetransmitter and the type-writer proper at one 'end of the line with thesame partsin the similar apparatus at the other end'of the line at thedistant station. two stations are supposed to be identical in everyrespect, except that the opposite poles of the two main batteries areconnected with the ground and with the line, respectively, so

The apparatus at the r that the two batteries are connected in se.

ries.

The synchronal motors at the two stations are supposed to rotate shafts40 in unison, and the lugs upon the cylinders 9 9 and the types upon thetwo type-wheels are supposed to be at both stations in the samerelations to the stop-levers and to the heads of the printinglevers, sothat if a given letter-say the letter A-upon the type-wheel at onestation faces the striking-head of the printing-lever the same letterupon the type-wheel at the other station will also face the head of itsprintinglever. Besides this,the trailing brushes of the two transmitterswill always pass simultaneously over conducting-segments correspondingto the same keys of said transmitters. It should also be remembered thatthe lugs upon the cylinders are so arranged that if any one of them isintercepted by a stop-lever corresponding to a key-lever the button ofwhich is marked with a given letter-say the letter Athe same letter, A,upon the type-wheel will face the striking end of the printing-lever,and at the same time the trailing brushes in the transmitters at bothstations will be upon the conducting-segments corresponding to theletter A. 1

The operation of the apparatus will now b easily understood.

If the apparatus is to be used as a transmit- IIO ter, switch-arm 107 isturned upon contactbutton 110 and the message is spelled out by thesuccessive depression of the type-keys of the transmitter. Suppose thekey bearing the this key be depressed. By the depression of thiskey'spring 103 is put into electrical connection with one of thesegments placed below the same and the trailing arm 105 is stoppedmechanically when the brush carried by the same is in contact with thesegmentwith which spring 103 is now in electrical connection. All thisis supposed to be understood,and is clearly set forth in mybefore-mentioned Letters Patent No. 363,158, dated May 17, 1887.

By the operation thus far described the circuit from the main battery isclosed as follows: From one pole of said battery by wire 48 to standard47,and from rod 46, mounted in standard 47,by one of the wires, 45, tothat magnet 44 which is connected by a local line, 104, with spring 103,and to the transmitter. After passing through the coils of this magnet44, the current proceeds by a local line, 104, to spring 103, trailingbrush and arm 105, shaft 43, contact-brush 106, connections 108,switcharm 107,contact-button 110 to the line and distant station,whereit traverses the apparatus there located and returns by ground to theother pole of the battery in a manner presently to be described. By thepassage of the current through the coils of electro-magnet 44 saidmagnet is energized and attracts its armature, which is one of the stoplevers 22- namely, that stop-lever which corresponds to a lug upon oneof the cylinders 99 corresponding to the letter A upon the type-wheel.Stoplever 22 will now be in position to intercept its corresponding lugupon one of the cylinders; but this intercept-ion will not be necessaryfor stopping the cylinder with the letter A on the type-wheel facing theprinting-lever and type-wheel, for the same have already been stopped bythe interception and stopping of trailing arm 105, connected with shaft43, which, as has been shown, is geared to the cylinders; but by contactof stop-lever 22 with its corresponding lug alocal circuit, includingbattery 49,is closed as follows: From one pole of said battery by wire50, through casting 23, stop-lever 22, the cylinders 9, collar 51, brush52, wire 53 to and through electro-magnet 31, and then by wires 51 and,56 to the spacing-magnets 35 36, from which the current returns by wire57 to the other pole of the battery. Magnet 31 being thus energized, theprintinglever 100 is actuated and the letter Ais printed upon the paper.This printing-lever is somewhat elastic and rebounds from contact withthe paper and type. Spacing-magnets 35 and 36 are constructed with aheavy solid core, so as to be sluggish in their action and acquire theirmaximum strength some little time after magnet 31 has been energized.The spacing-magnets will therefore move the carriage only after theimprint has been made upon the paper. It, now, the typekey which hadbeen depressed at the transmitter is released, the line-circuit will bebroken, magnet 44 will be de-energized, stoplever 22 will be returned toits front stop by the combined action of the overbalancingweight of nose21 and by spring 26, and the local circuit will be broken, whereby theprinting-levcr will be allowed to resume its normal position againstback stop, 33. If it is desired to make a space between one word of amessage and the next, a key in the transmitter is depressed which isconnected by one of the local lines 101 with such magnet 44 as is inoperative relation with the short lever 22, and which in turn is inoperative relation with pin 26". The circuit from the main battery isthen completed through that particular magnet 44, in themannerhereinbefore described, and the short lever constituting thearmature at said magnet is attracted, and, making contact with its backstop, 26", it closes a local circuit through battery 49, as follows:From one pole of said battery by wire and casting 23 to lever 22, pin26, wire 58, either to clampscrew 55, as shown in Fig. 1, or to a point,59, in wire 56, as shown in Fig. 3, and by wire 56 through thespacing-magnet, and by wire 57 back to the other pole of the battery.Thus it will be seen the printing-magnet 31 is cutout, while thespacing-magnet is energized. The carriage will therefore be moved,making a clear space upon the paper. If the apparatus is to be used as areceiver, switch-arm 107 is turned upon contact 109, and the incomingelectrical impulse willpass from theline switchbutton 110 to and throughthe coil 111, and by switeh button 109 and switch-arm by connection 108to brush 106, shaft 43, trailing arm 105, and by the brush connectedwith the said arm to the segment which at that time is in contact. Now,it will be understood that the brush of the trailing arm at the homestation is at all times in contact with that segment which correspondsto the segment in the transmitter at the distant station which at thatmoment is in contact with its trailing brush. Consequently if theincoming electrical impulse has been produced by the depression at thedistant station of the type-key A of the transmitter, said impulse willpass at the home station to the segment corresponding to the type-key Ain the home transmitter, and at the same moment the letter A upon thetype-wheel will face the striking-head of the printing-lever. Theincoming electrical impulse will therefore IIO find the trailing brushupon the segment corresponding to the spring 103, and the current willcontinue over local line 101' to its corre sponding magnet, 44, and thenby terminal 45 of said magnet to red 46, standard 47, wire 48 to themain battery at the home station and to ground. The printing at the homestation is then done precisely in the same manner as in transmitting;but an additional action takes place by reason of the incoming currentpassing through magnet 111, for said magnet being energized the magneticdisk which passes through its field of force will be arrested and willrelieve lever 22 of a part, at

least, of the shock which it would otherwise receive by the impacttherewith of its corresponding lug upon one of its cylinders.

If the apparatus is to be used for the purposes of an ordinarytype-writerthat is, without transmitting electrical impulses over aline-the switch 107 is opened, as shown in Fig. 3, and the key-board 2 2is manipulated similar to the key-board of an ordinary mechanicaltypewriter. The depression of any one of these keys will bring itsrespective stop lever into position to intercepta lug upon one of thecylinders, and will thereby close a local circuit including theprinting-magnet 31 and spacingmagnet 35 36, as now can be traced Withoutdifficulty.

It will be noticed that by the construction shown the shock received atthe free end of a stop-lever when a lug of one of the cylinders isintercepted by the same passes through the fulcrum of such lever, and isconsequently not transmitted to the type-lever. The finger of theoperator resting upon the button of the key-lever does not thereforereceive a shock, which greatly adds to the ease and'comfort of operationand also prevents the bending of the type-levers and the loosening oftheir pivots.

The type-wheel which I prefer to usein my improved apparatus isillustrated in Figs. 4 and 5.

The shaft 11, upon which the type-wheel is mounted, has a number ofsegmental recesses,

59, separated from each other by ridges 60.

The type-wheel itself is composed of a num ber of sectors, 61, eachsector composed of a part of the rim of the wheel and a segmental part,62, of the hub of the same. The hub portion of each sector fits exactlyinto one of the recesses 59, and the projecting inner ends, 63, of theweb of the sector overlap each onehalf of a ridge so. Then the sectorsof the type-wheel are assembled, as indicated in Fig. 4, a sleeve, 64,having a longitudinal slit, is passed over the hub-segments, and istight ened about the same by clamp-screws, as shown. The type-wheelshave then the appearance as if they were made of one piece,

but may be removed from the shaft without removing the cylinders 9 9.

As shown in the drawings, each segmental part 62 of the hub, while itfits exactly into one of the recesses, is thicker than the depth of suchrecess, and therefore projects above the surface of the shaft 11. Thesleeve 64 is formed to pass with one half, 64, over the assembledsegments 62, while the other half is made smaller in diameter, so as tofit the body of the shaft.

The rim of each sector is enlarged to extend on each side beyond theface of the web. Upon each segmental section of the rim are formedletters of the alphabet, numerals, and other characters corresponding tothe like characters represented by the key-board of the typewriterproper and of the transmitter. When the sectors are united and clampedtogether by sleeve 64, the rim of the whole wheel has upon its surface afull complement of all theletters of the alphabet, numerals, p unctuation-' marks, 850., in types raised above the surface of the rim.

An inking apparatus, 65, is mounted upon a post or pillar, 66, close tothe type-wheel, and with the inking-roller 67 in light contact with theraised type any suitable form of inking apparatus may be used.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. An electrical type-writer comprisingan electric main-line circuit, electro-magnets severally included insaid main-line circuit,

circuitcontrolling mechanism for directing current through a particularelectro-magnet, stop-levers severally controlled by saidelectro-magnets, and mechanical key-levers, also for severallycontrolling said stop-levers. 2. An electrical type-writer comprising anelectric main-line circuit, electro-magnets severally included in. saidmain-line circuit, stoplevers controlled severally by saidelectro-magnets, mechanical key-levers, also for severally controllingsaid stop-levers, and a local circuit operated by a movement of anystop-lever.

3. An electrical type-writer comprising a series of armaturestop-levers, electromagnets for severally actuating said stop-1evers,amain line circuit including said electromagnets,

circuit-controlling mechanism for said main line circuit, a series ofmechanical key-levers, also for severally controlling said stop-levers,and a local circuit controlled by the movement of any stop-lever.

4:. An electrical type-writer comprising a series of pivoted armaturestop-levers, electromagnets for severally attracting said stop-.-1evers, a series of mechanical key-levers for severally actuating saidstop-levers, and a revolving cylinder provided with stops arrested bythe movement of any stop-lever.

5. An electrical type-writer comprising a series of pivoted'armaturestop-levers, electromagnets for severally attracting said stoplevers,circuit-controlling mechanism for directing current through a particularmagnet,

a series of mechanical key-levers severally controlling saidstop-levers, and a revolving cylinder provided with stops arrested bythe movement of any stop-lever.

6. An electrical type-writer comprising a series of armaturestoplevers,electro-magucts for severally actuating said stop-levers andincluded in a main-line circuit, and aseries of mechanical key-levers,also for severally actuating said stop-levers, in combination with atransmitter provided with circuit-controlling keys for directing currentthrough aparticular electro-magnet and a local circuit operated by themovement of any stop-lever.

7. An electrical type-Writer comprising a series of armaturestop-levers,electromagnets for severally actuating said stop-levers, a mechanicalkey-board,also for severally actuating said stop-levers, and a revolvingstopcylinder arrested by the actuation of any stoplever, in combinationwith a series of circuitclosing keys for directing the current through aparticular electro-magnet.

8. An electrical type-writer comprising a series of armaturestop-levers, electro-magnets for severally actuating said stoplevers, aseries of mechanical key-levers, also for severally actuating saidstop-levers, a revolving stop-cylinder arrested by the actuation of anystop-lever, and a local circuit operated also by a movement of anystoplever.

9. An electrical type-writer comprising a series of cireuit-controllingarmature stoplevers, electro-magnets for severally attracting saidstop-lcvers, circuit-controlling mechanism and an electric circuit fordirecting current through a particular electro-magnet, a series ofmechanical key-levers for severally actuating said stop-levers, a rotarytype-wheel and rotary cylinders in fixed relation to each other,contact-lugs upon said cylinders corresponding to types upon the saidtype-wheel, and alocal circuit including a printing-magnet andcontrolled by said stoplcvers and lugs, as specified.

10. In an electrical type-writer, the combination, with a rotarytype-wheel and metallic cylinders rotating with the same provided withmetallic contact-lugs corresponding with the types upon said type-wheel,of a circuitcontrolling stop-lever for each lug, pivoted to move in theplane of rotation of and to intercept the lug, an electro magnetcontrolling each stop'lever, a mechanical key-lever controlling eachstop lever, and a local circuit including a printing electro-magnet andcontrolled by said stop-levers and lugs.

11. In an electrical type-writer, the combination, with a local circuitincluding electromagnetic printing mechanism, a series ofcircuit-controlling stop-levers therefor, and rotary cylinders providedwith contact lugs in operative relation and corresponding to saidstop-levers, of a system of levers controlling the action of saidstop-levers electro-magnetically and a system of levers for mechanicallyactuating said stop-levers.

12. In an electrical type-writer, the combination of a rotary type-wheeland cylinders rotating with the same, provided with lugs correspondingwith the types upon the typewheel, with an independent gravitystop-lever for each lug. pivoted to move in the plane of rotation of thelug, but normally out of contact with the same, and an electromagnet foreach stop-lever in operative relation to the latter for moving the sameinto the path of its corresponding lug, and a mechanical keylever alsocontrolling each stop-lever, substan tially as described.

13. In an electrical type-writer, the combination of a type-wheel andcylinders rotating with the same about a common axis and provided upontheir surfaces with lugs corresponding to the types upon the wheel, withan independent stop-lever movable about a pivot to intercept the lug ata definite point, said pivot being located in the line of impact of thelug with the lever, and an electro-magnet for each stop-lever foractuating the same, and a mechanical key-lever also controlling eachstop-lever, substantially as described.

14. In an electrical type-writer, the combination of a type-wheel andcylinders rotating with the same about a common axis and provided withstop-lugs corresponding to the types upon the wheel with a stop-leverfor each lug, an electro-magnet for each stop-lever for controlling thesame electrically, and a key-lever for each stop-lever for controllingthe same mechanically, substantially as described.

15. An electrical type-writer comprising a series of armaturestop-levers, clectrounagnets for severally actuating said stop-levers, aseries of mechanical key-levers, also for severally actuating saidstop-levers, a revolving stopcylinder arrested by the actuation of anystoplever, anda local circuit operated also by a movement of anystop-lever.

16. In a type-writer, the combination of a rotary shaft having a seriesof segmental recesses with separatingribs between the same, with thesectorial parts of the type-wheel having their hub portions seated inthe segmental recesses and with their edges in contact with each other,and a clamp for securing the sectors together and to the shaft,substantially as decribed.

17. In an electrical type-writer, the combi nation of a rotary shaftwith segmental recesses and ribs between the same all around the portionof the shaft, with sectorial sections of the type-wheel seated in therecesses with their radial edges in contact with each other, and asleeve fitting over the shaft and over the hub-sections of the typewheelfor clamping the same, substantially as described.

18. In an electrical type-writer, the combination of the shaft of arotating type-wheel and the shaft of the transmitter with a rotary shaftgeared and imparting motion to both the type-wheel shaft andtransmitter-shaft, and a synchronal motor for actuating said rotaryshaft.

19. In an electrical type-writer, the combination, with atransmitting-instrument having a circuit-controlling spacing-key, of areceiving-instrument provided with a circuitcontrolling spacingstop-lever, a magnet for actuating said stop-lever and controlled by thetransmitter spacing-key, a fixed contact for said spacing stop-lever, alocal circuit including said stop-lever and fixed contact, andspacing-magnets in said local circuit.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

J. F. MOLAUGHLIN.

\Vitnesses:

Trros. J. HUNT, GEO. H. TIOHENOR,

